There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.1. Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten material, such as magma or lava. They can form either above or below the Earth's surface. Examples of igneous rocks include granite, basalt, and obsidian.2. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediments over time. These sediments can be derived from the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks, as well as the remains of plants and animals. Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, limestone, and shale.3. Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of pre-existing rocks under high heat and pressure conditions. This can occur due to tectonic activity, such as mountain-building or deep burial. Examples of metamorphic rocks include marble, slate, and gneiss.Each type of rock has different characteristics and can tell us about the processes that formed them and the history of the Earth's crust.