The British monarchy is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has been reigning since 1952. The monarchy is hereditary, meaning that the position of monarch is passed down within the royal family.The role of the monarchy in the United Kingdom is mainly ceremonial and symbolic, with the monarch serving as the head of state. The monarchy does not hold any significant political power, as the country is governed by a parliamentary democracy. The monarch's duties include opening and closing sessions of Parliament, granting royal assent to legislation, and representing the United Kingdom on state visits.The British monarch also serves as the symbolic head of the Commonwealth of Nations, an association of 54 countries that were mostly former territories of the British Empire. The monarch has a representative role in the Commonwealth, attending meetings and events on behalf of the organization.The British monarchy has a long history dating back over a thousand years. It has survived through various periods of political and societal change, and has adapted to become a modern institution. The Queen and other members of the royal family are also involved in various charitable and philanthropic endeavors.While there is some debate about the role and relevance of the monarchy in modern times, it remains a significant part of British culture and identity. The royal family is often celebrated and enjoyed by the public, with events such as weddings and births attracting widespread attention and interest.